## Textbooks & Solution Manuals

Find the Source, Textbook, Solution Manual that you are looking for in 1 click.

## WriteWise AI Model by Holooly Genius

Your Ultimate AI Essay Writer & Assistant.

## Holooly Arabia

For Arabic Users, find a teacher/tutor in your City or country in the Middle East.

## Holooly Help Desk

Need Help? We got you covered.

Products

## Textbooks & Solution Manuals

Find the Source, Textbook, Solution Manual that you are looking for in 1 click.

## WriteWise AI Model by Holooly Genius

Your Ultimate AI Essay Writer & Assistant.

## Holooly Arabia

For Arabic Users, find a teacher/tutor in your City or country in the Middle East.

## Holooly Help Desk

Need Help? We got you covered.

## Q. 2.5.2

A System of Equations

a. Obtain the transfer functions X(s)/V(s) and Y(s)/V(s) of the following system of equations:

$\overset{.}{x}=-3x+2y \\ \overset{.}{y}=-9y-4x+3v(t)$

b. Obtain the forced response for x(t) and y(t) if the input is v(t) = $5u_s(t)$.

## Verified Solution

a. Here two outputs are specified, x and y, with one input, v. Thus, there are two transfer functions. To obtain them, transform both sides of each equation, assuming zero initial conditions.

$sX(s)=-3X(s)+2Y(s) \\ sY(s)=-9Y(s)-4X(s)+3V(s)$

These are two algebraic equations in the two unknowns, X(s) and Y(s). Solve the first equation for Y(s):

$Y(s)=\frac{s+3}{2}X(s) \quad (1)$

Substitute this into the second equation.

$s\frac{s+3}{2}X(s)=-9\frac{s+3}{2}X(s)-4X(s)+3V(s)$

Then solve for X(s)/V(s) to obtain

$\frac{X(s)}{V(s)}=\frac{6}{s^2+12s+35} \quad (2)$

Now substitute this into equation (1) to obtain

$\frac{Y(s)}{V(s)}=\frac{s+3}{2} \frac{X(s)}{V(s)}=\frac{s+3}{2} \frac{6}{s^2+12s+35}=\frac{3(s+3)}{s^2+12s+35} \quad (3)$

The desired transfer functions are given by equations (2) and (3). Note that denominators of both transfer functions have the same factors, s = −5 and s = −7, which are the roots of the characteristic equation: s² + 12s + 35.

b. From equation (2),

$X(s)=\frac{6}{s^2+12s+35}V(s)=\frac{6}{s^2+12s+35}\frac{5}{s}=\frac{30}{s(s^2+12s+35)}$

The denominator factors a re s = 0, s= −5, and s = −7, and thus the partial-fraction expansion is

$X(s)=\frac{C_1}{s}+\frac{C_2}{s+5}+\frac{C_3}{s+7}$

where $C_1 = 6/7, C_2 = −3$, and $C_3 = 15/7$. The forced response is

$x(t)=\frac{6}{7} – 3e^{-5t}+\frac{15}{7}e^{-7t} \quad (4)$

From (1) we have y = (ẋ + 3x)/2. From (4) we obtain

$y(t)=\frac{9}{7}+3e^{-5t}-\frac{30}{7}e^{-7t}$