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## Q. 4.5

A very small village has an average day design demand of 190 m³/d and a maximum day design demand of 380 m³/d. They will have a distribution system. Compare the number of wells and the capacity of each well for a system that includes the wells and one elevated storage tank and a system that does not have an elevated storage tank.

## Verified Solution

To meet regulatory redundancy requirements there must be a minimum of two wells. Each well must be capable of meeting the maximum day design demand with one pump out of service.

Some alternative selections are:

Two wells, each well rated at 380 m³/d. For the average day, one well would pump for 12 hours, that is

$\left(\frac{12 h}{24 h} \right)$ (380 m³/d) = 190 m³/d

Two wells, each well capable of providing the average day demand in two hours to take advantage of a higher efficiency pump. For the maximum day, the pump would operate for four hours. Each well would have a rated capacity of

$\left(\frac{24 h}{12 h} \right)$ (380 m³/d) = 4, 560 m³/d

Thus, the provision of an elevated storage system gives a range of pumping capacity from 190 m³/d to 4,560 m³/d. Without the storage tank, the pump capacity is restricted to 190 m³/d.