Chapter 5
Q. 5.4
Q. 5.4
Ammonia gas is used as a refrigerant in food processing and storage industries. Calculate the volume (in liters) occupied by 7.40 g of NH_{3} at STP.
Strategy What is the volume of 1 mole of an ideal gas at STP? How many moles are there in 7.40 g of NH_{3}?
Step-by-Step
Verified Solution
Recognizing that 1 mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.41 L at STP and using the molar mass of NH_{3} (17.03 g), we write the sequence of conversions as
grams of NH_{3} → moles of NH_{3} → liters of NH_{3} at STP
so the volume of NH_{3} is given by
V=7.40 \cancel{g NH_{3}}\times \frac{1 \cancel{mol NH_{3}}}{17.03 \cancel{g NH_{3}}} \times \frac{22.41 L}{1 \cancel{mol NH_{3}}}=9.74 L
It is often true in chemistry, particularly in gas law calculations, that a problem can be solved in more than one way. Here the problem can also be solved by first converting 7.40 g of NH_{3} to number of moles of NH_{3}, and then applying the ideal gas equation (V = nRT⁄P). Try it.
Check Because 7.40 g of NH_{3} is smaller than its molar mass, its volume at STP should be smaller than 22.41 L. Therefore, the answer is reasonable.