Answer the questions below about the ions described. a Aluminum is found in rubies and sapphires. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in this aluminum ion: 27 13Al31? b Sulfur is present in an ore called chalcocite. The ion in the ore has 16 neutrons and 18 electrons. Write the nuclear

Question

Answer the questions below about the ions described.
ⓐ Aluminum is found in rubies and sapphires. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in this aluminum ion: [latex]_{13}^{27}Al^{3+}[/latex]?
ⓑ Sulfur is present in an ore called chalcocite. The ion in the ore has 16 neutrons and 18 electrons. Write the nuclear symbol for the ion.
ⓒ An element found more abundantly in the sun and meteorites than on earth has an ion with a +2 charge. It has 38 electrons and 51 neutrons. Write its nuclear symbol.

ⓐ

ANALYSIS
nuclear symbol and charge	Information given:
A, Z	Information implied:
[latex]p^{+}[/latex], n, [latex]e^{-}[/latex]	Asked for:

STRATEGY (for all parts)

1. Recall the placement of Z and A in the nuclear symbol.
2. Z = [latex]p^{+}[/latex]; A = [latex]p^{+}[/latex] + n; [latex]e^{-}[/latex] = [latex]p^{+}[/latex] − charge

ⓑ

ANALYSIS
[latex]e^{-}[/latex] , n	Information given:
Z	Information implied:
nuclear symbol for S	Asked for:

ⓒ

ANALYSIS
[latex]e^{-}[/latex] , n , charge	Information given:
nuclear symbol	Asked for:

Accepted Answer

ⓐ

[latex]_{13}^{27}Al^{3+}[/latex] : Z = [latex]p^{+}[/latex] = 13; [latex]e^{-}[/latex] = [latex]p^{+}[/latex] - (charge) = 13 - (+3) = 10;	[latex]p^{+}[/latex] , [latex]e^{-}[/latex]
A = n + [latex]p^{+}[/latex] ; 27 = n + 13; n = 14	n

ⓑ

From the periodic table, sulfur has atomic number 16 so Z = 16 = [latex]p^{+}[/latex] .	Z
A = [latex]p^{+}[/latex] + n = 16 + 16 = 32; charge = [latex]p^{+}[/latex] − [latex]e^{-}[/latex] = 16 - 18 = −2	A and charge
[latex]_{16}^{32}S^{2−}[/latex]	Nuclear symbol

ⓒ

ANALYSIS
[latex]e^{-}[/latex] , n	Information given:
Z	Information implied:
nuclear symbol for S	Asked for:

END POINT

A cation always contains more protons than electrons; the reverse is true of an anion.

Question 2.5: Answer the questions below about the ions described. a Alumi...

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