Calculating the Volume of Reactant Solution Needed Consider the reaction of sulfuric acid, H2SO4, with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. H2SO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → 2H2O(l) + Na2SO4(aq) Suppose a beaker contains 35.0 mL of 0.175 M H2SO4. How many milliliters of 0.250 M NaOH must be added to react completely with

Question

Calculating the Volume of Reactant Solution Needed

Consider the reaction of sulfuric acid, [latex]H_2SO_4[/latex], with sodium hydroxide, NaOH.

[latex]H_2SO_4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → 2H_2O(l) + Na_2SO_4(aq)[/latex]

Suppose a beaker contains 35.0 mL of 0.175 M [latex]H_2SO_4[/latex]. How many milliliters of 0.250 M NaOH must be added to react completely with the sulfuric acid?

PROBLEM STRATEGY

You convert from 35.0 mL (or 35.0 × [latex]10^{-3}[/latex] L) [latex]H_2SO_4[/latex] solution to moles [latex]H_2SO_4[/latex] (using the molarity of [latex]H_2SO_4[/latex]), then to moles NaOH (from the chemical equation). Finally, you convert this to volume of NaOH solution (using the molarity of NaOH).

Accepted Answer

The calculation is as follows:

[latex]35.0 imes 10^{-3} \cancel{L H _2 SO _4 ext { soln }} imes \frac{0.175 \cancel{mol H _2 SO _4}}{1 \cancel{L H_2 SO _4 soln} } imes \frac{2 \cancel{mol NaOH} }{1 \cancel{mol H _2 SO _4}} imes \frac{1 L NaOH soln}{0.250 \cancel{mol NaOH}} = 4.90 × 10^{-2} L NaOH soln (or 49.0 mL NaOH soln)[/latex]

Thus, 35.0 mL of 0.175 M sulfuric acid solution reacts with exactly 49.0 mL of 0.250 M sodium hydroxide solution.

ANSWER CHECK

Whenever you perform a titration calculation, be sure that you have taken into account the stoichiometry of the reaction between the acid and base (use the balanced chemical equation). In this case, two moles of NaOH are required to neutralize each mole of acid. Furthermore, when performing titration calculations, do not be tempted to apply the dilution equation to solve the problem. If you were to take such an approach here, you would arrive at an incorrect result since the dilution equation fails to take into account the stoichiometry of the reaction.

Question 4.13: Calculating the Volume of Reactant Solution Needed Consider ...

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