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## Q. 2.2

Drawing resonance Forms for an anion

Draw three resonance structures for the carbonate ion, ${CO_3}^{2-}$

S t r a t e g y
Look for three-atom groupings that contain a multiple bond next to an atom with a p orbital. Then exchange the positions of the multiple bond and the electrons in the p orbital. In the carbonate ion, each of the singly bonded oxygen atoms with its lone pairs and negative charge is next to the C=O double bond, giving the grouping $O=C-O:^{-}$

## Verified Solution

Exchanging the position of the double bond and an electron lone pair in each grouping generates three resonance structures: