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Question 4.1: Using the Solubility Rules Determine whether the following c...

Using the Solubility Rules

Determine whether the following compounds are soluble or insoluble in water.

a. Hg_2Cl_2              b. KI           c. lead(II) nitrate

PROBLEM STRATEGY

You should refer to Table 4.1 for the solubility rules of ionic compounds to see which compounds are soluble in water. The soluble ionic compounds are those that readily dissolve in water. The insoluble compounds hardly dissolve at all.

Table 4.1

Solubility Rules for Ionic Compounds
Rule Applies to Statement Exceptions
1 Li^+ , Na^+ , K^+ , NH_4^+ Group IA and ammonium
compounds are soluble.		 —
2 C_2H_3O_2^-, NO_3^- Acetates and nitrates are soluble. —
3 Cl^-  ,  Br^-  ,  I^- Most chlorides, bromides, and iodides are soluble. AgCl ,  Hg_2Cl_2 ,  PbCl_2,  AgBr,  HgBr_2,  Hg_2Br_2,\\ PbBr_2,  AgI,  HgI_2,  Hg_2I_2,  PbI_2
4 SO_4^{2-} Most sulfates are soluble. CaSO_4,  SrSO_4,  BaSO_4,  Ag_2SO_4,  Hg_2SO_4,\\  PbSO_4
5 CO_3^{2-} Most carbonates are insoluble. Group IA carbonates, (NH_4)_2CO_3
6 PO_4^{3-} Most phosphates are insoluble. Group IA phosphates, (NH_4)_3PO_4
7 S^{2-} Most sulfides are insoluble. Group IA sulfides, (NH_4)_2S
8 OH^- Most hydroxides are insoluble. Group IA hydroxides, Ca(OH)_2,  Sr(OH)_2,\\Ba(OH)_2
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