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Transfer Function—Two Equations of Motion
PROBLEM: Find the transfer function, \theta _{2}(s)/T(s), for the rotational system shown in Figure 2.22(a). The rod is supported by bearings at either end and is undergoing torsion. A torque is applied at the left, and the displacement is measured at the right.
First, obtain the schematic from the physical system. Even though torsion
occurs throughout the rod in Figure 2.22(a),\overset{9}{} we approximate the system by assuming that the torsion acts like a spring concentrated at one particular point in the rod, with an
inertia J_{1} to the left and an inertia J_{2} to the right.\overset{10}{} We also assume that the damping inside the flexible shaft is negligible. The schematic is shown in Figure 2.22(b). There are two degrees of freedom, since each inertia can be rotated while the other is held still .Hence, it will take two simultaneous equations to solve the system.
Next, draw a free-body diagram of J_{1} using superposition. Figure 2.23(a) shows the torques on J_{1} if J_{2} is held still and J_{1} rotated. Figure 2.23(b) shows the torques on J_{1} if J_{1} is held still and J_{2} rotated. Finally, the sum of Figures 2.23(a) and 2.23(b) is shown in Figure 2.23(c), the final free-body diagram for J_{1} . The same process is repeated in
Figure 2.24 for J_{2} .
Summing torques, respectively, from Figures 2.23(c) and 2.24(c) we obtain the equations of motion,
(J_{1}s^{2}+D_{1}s+K )\theta _{1} (s) -K\theta _{2}(s)=T(s)
-K\theta _{1} (s)+(J_{2}s^{2}+D_{2}s+K)\theta _{2}(s)=0
from which the required transfer function is found to be
\frac{\theta _{2}(s) }{T(s)} =\frac{K}{\Delta }as shown in Figure 2.22(c), where
\Delta =\left|\begin{matrix} (J_{1}s^{2}+D_{1}s+K ) & -K \\ -K &(J_{2}s^{2}+D_{2}s+K ) \end{matrix} \right|Notice that Eqs. (2.127) have that now well-known form
\left[\begin{matrix} Sum of \\ impedances \\ connected \\ to the motion \\ at \theta _{1} \end{matrix} \right] \theta _{1}(s)-\left[\begin{matrix} Sum of \\ impedances \\ between \\ \theta _{1} and \theta _{2} \end{matrix} \right] \theta _{2}(s)=\left [\begin{matrix} Sum of \\ applied torques \\ at \theta _{1} \end{matrix} \right]-\left[\begin{matrix} Sum of \\ impedances \\ between \\ \theta _{1} and \theta _{2} \end{matrix} \right] \theta _{1}(s)+\left [\begin{matrix} Sum of \\ impedances \\ connected \\ to the motion \\ at \theta _{1} \end{matrix} \right] \theta _{2}(s)=\left[\begin{matrix} Sum of \\ applied torques \\ at \theta _{2} \end{matrix} \right]
