General Chemistry 8th. Edition by D. Ebbing, S. Gammon | 9780618742714 | 0618742719 | Holooly

General Chemistry

General Chemistry

241 SOLVED PROBLEMS

Question: 19.10

Calculating ΔG° and K at Various Temperatures a. What is ΔG° at 1000°C for the following reaction? CaCO3(s) ⇌ CaO(s) + CO2(g) Is this reaction spontaneous at 1000°C and 1 atm? b. What is the value of Kp at 1000°C for this reaction? What is the partial pressure of CO2? PROBLEM STRATEGY a. Calculate ...

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a. From Tables 6.2 and 19.1, you have

\beg...

Question: 20.10

Calculating the Cell emf from Free-Energy Change Suppose the reaction of zinc metal and chlorine gas is utilized in a voltaic cell in which zinc ions and chloride ions are formed in aqueous solution. Zn(s) + Cl2(g) → Zn^2+(aq) + 2Cl^-(aq) Calculate the standard emf for this cell at 25°C from ...

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Write the equation with

\Delta G_{f}^{\circ...

Question: 24.1

Writing Condensed Structural Formulas Write the condensed structural formula of each of the following alkanes. ...

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a. To write the condensed structural formula, it h...

Question: 19.5

Calculating ΔG° from Standard Free Energies of Formation Calculate ΔG° for the combustion of 1 mol of ethanol, C2H5OH, at 25°C. C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(g) Use the standard free energies of formation given in Table 19.2. PROBLEM STRATEGY Calculate ΔG° from ΔG°f values, similar to the way ...

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Write the balanced equation with values of

...

Question: 19.4

Calculating ΔG° from ΔH° and ΔS° What is the standard free-energy change, ΔG°, for the following reaction at 25°C? N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g) Use values of ΔH°f and S°, from Tables 6.2 and 19.1. PROBLEM STRATEGY Calculate ΔH° and ΔS°, then substitute these values into ΔH° TΔS° to obtain ΔG°. ...

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Write the balanced equation and place below each f...

Question: 6.9

Calculating the Enthalpy of Reaction from Standard Enthalpies of Formation Large quantities of ammonia are used to prepare nitric acid. The first step consists of the catalytic oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide, NO. 4NH3(g) 5O2(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) What is the standard enthalpy change for this ...

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Here is the equation with the

\Delta H_{f}^...

Question: 19.3

Calculating ΔS° for a Reaction Calculate the change of entropy, ΔS°, at 25°C for the reaction in which urea is formed from NH3 and CO2. 2NH3(g) + CO2(g) → NH2CONH2(aq) + H2O(l) The standard entropy of NH2CONH2(aq) is 174 J/(mol · K). See Table 19.1 for other values. PROBLEM STRATEGY The calculation ...

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It is convenient to put the standard entropy value...

Question: 17.14

Calculating the pH at the Equivalence Point in the Titration of a Weak Acid by a Strong Base Calculate the pH of the solution at the equivalence point when 25 mL of 0.10 M nicotinic acid is titrated by 0.10 M sodium hydroxide. Ka for nicotinic acid equals 1.4 × 10^-5. PROBLEM STRATEGY At the ...

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CONCENTRATION OF NICOTINATE ION Assume that the re...

Question: 17.9

Calculating the Common-Ion Effect on Acid Ionization (Effect of a Strong Acid) The degree of ionization of acetic acid, HC2H3O2, in a 0.10 M aqueous solution at 25°C is 0.013. Ka at this temperature is 1.7 × 10^-5. Calculate the degree of ionization of HC2H3O2 in a 0.10 M solution at 25°C to which ...

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STEP 1 Starting concentrations are

\left[\m...

Question: 17.8

Calculating Concentrations of Species in a Salt Solution What is the pH of 0.10 M sodium nicotinate at 25°C (a problem posed in the chapter opening)? The Ka for nicotinic acid was determined in Example 17.1 to be 1.4 × 10^-5 at 25°C. ...

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Sodium nicotinate gives

\mathrm{Na}^{+}[/la...

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