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General Chemistry
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications
305 SOLVED PROBLEMS
Question: 25.5
Calculating the Energy of a Nuclear Reaction with the Mass-Energy Relationship What is the energy, in joules and in megaelectronvolts, associated with the ∝ decay of ^238U? 92^238U → 90^234Th + 2^4He The nuclidic (atomic) masses in atomic mass units (u) are from Table D.5 in Appendix D: 92^238U = ...
Verified Answer:
The net change in mass that accompanies the decay ...
Question: 27.4
Predicting Whether a Substitution Reaction Proceeds by an SN1 or SN2 Mechanism Does the substitution reaction below follow an SN1 or an SN2 mechanism? What are the products? Write the steps of the mechanism and use arrows to show the movement of electrons. Analyze The haloalkane is a 2° haloalkane. ...
Verified Answer:
Methanol is the nucleophile and the haloalkane is ...
Question: 27.Int.1
The female of a species of worm produces the sex attractant spodoptol, which has the following structure. Spodoptol is a pheromone that attracts the male worms of the species. Synthetic spodoptol in traps can be used to control the population of worms. Devise a synthesis of spodoptol starting from ...
Verified Answer:
Working backward, this cis isomer is obtained by u...
Question: 27.7
Predicting the Products of an Aromatic Substitution Reaction Predict the products of the mononitration of Analyze The groups are different, and so the o-, p-directing group (—OH) guides the reaction. ...
Verified Answer:
Because the —OH group is an o-, p-directing group ...
Question: 27.6
Predicting the Products of a Reaction Involving an Alcohol Predict the products of the following reactions. If appropriate, suggest a mechanism by which the reaction occurs by using arrows to show the movement of electrons. (a) 1-propanol + sodium hydroxide → (b) (R)-2-bromo-3-methylbutane + ...
Verified Answer:
(a) The condensed structural formula for 1-propano...
Question: 27.5
Predicting SN2, E2, SN1, and E1 Reactions For each of the following reactions, predict the products and the mechanisms by which the products are formed. (a) CH3CH2CH2CH2Br + (CH3)3CO^-Na^+ → (b) (c) Analyze We follow the six-step approach outlined above and use the decision tree in Figure 27-13 to ...
Verified Answer:
(a) We identify the electrophile as
CH_3CH_...
Question: 27.2
Identifying Electrophiles, Nucleophiles, Leaving Groups, Acids, and Bases It is important to be able to distinguish when an electron pair donor in a reaction is acting as a base or as a nucleophile. The following reactions are elementary reactions. In each case, determine whether the electron pair ...
Verified Answer:
(a) In the equation below, reactants and products ...
Question: 26.3
Writing the Formula to Correspond to the Name of an Alkane Hydrocarbon Write a condensed structural formula for 4-tert-butyl-2-methylheptane. Analyze The name tells us that the compound is a heptane with two substituent groups, tert-butyl and methyl, positioned at carbons 4 and 2, respectively. ...
Verified Answer:
Because the compound is a heptane, the longest cha...
Question: 26.4
Choosing the Most Stable Conformer of an Alkane Draw the conformation of 2,3-dimethylpentane that is lowest in energy when the molecule is viewed along C2—C3 axis. Analyze We must first draw a structural diagram for the molecule and identify the C2—C3 axis and then draw a Newman projection ...
Verified Answer:
A structural diagram for 2,3-dimethylpentane is gi...
Question: 28.1
Naming a Polypeptide What is the name of the polypeptide whose structure is shown below? ...
Verified Answer:
The name is glycylalanylserine (Gly-Ala-Ser). Asse...
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