A solar tower CSP power plant uses a TES system that operates as follows: • Power plant electric power output: Pel = 20 MW • Electrical (overall) efficiency of the power plant: ηel = 0.2 • TES system enables a 5-h operation of the power plant at full capacity: τs = 5 h • Specific heat of storage

Question

A solar tower CSP power plant uses a TES system that operates as follows:

• Power plant electric power output: [latex]P_{el}[/latex] = 20 MW
• Electrical (overall) efficiency of the power plant: [latex]\eta_{el}[/latex] = 0.2
• TES system enables a 5-h operation of the power plant at full capacity: [latex] au_{s}[/latex] = 5 h
• Specific heat of storage medium c = 1.0 kJ/(kg K) and density ρ = 2160 kg/m³
• Storage medium temperature limits are [latex]t_{s1}[/latex] = 350°C and [latex]t_{s2}[/latex] = 550°C

Determine (i) the thermal capacity of the TES system, (ii) the storage energy density, and (iii) the required mass and volume of storage medium.

Accepted Answer

1. Thermal capacity of the TES system

[latex]Q_{s}= au_{s}\,P_{el}/\eta_{\mathrm{el}}=5\,\mathrm{{h}} imes20\,\,\mathrm{MW/}0.2=500\,\,\mathrm{MW}\mathrm{{h}}[/latex]

= 500 MWh × 3600 s/h = 1,800,000 MJ

2. Storage energy density

[latex]q_{s}=c\ (t_{s2}-t_{s1})=1.0\,\mathrm{k J}/\mathrm{kg\, K} imes(550-350)\,{\mathrm K}=200\,\,{\mathrm {kJ}}/{\mathrm{k}}{\it\mathrm{g}}[/latex]

3. Required mass of storage medium

[latex]m_{s}=Q_{s}/q_{s}=1.8 imes10^{9}\,\mathrm{kJ} \,/200\,\mathrm{kJ}/\mathrm{kg=9 imes10^{6}\,\mathrm{kg=9000~t}~}[/latex]

4. Required volume of storage medium

[latex]V_{s}=m_{s}/ ho=9 imes10^{6}{\mathrm{~kg/2160~kg/m^{3}=4167~m^{3}}}[/latex]

It can be a storage in the form of a cube with a side length of 16.1 m.

Question 11.6: A solar tower CSP power plant uses a TES system that operate......

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