Introduction to the Thermodynamics of Materials 6th. Edition by David R. Gaskell David E. Laughlin | 9781498757010 | 1498757014 | Holooly

Introduction to the Thermodynamics of Materials [ EXP-7693]

66 SOLVED PROBLEMS

Question: 13.14.1

100 g of silica and 100 g of graphite are placed in a rigid vessel of volume 20 liters, which is evacuated at room temperature and then heated to 1500°C, at which temperature the quartz and graphite react to form SiC. Calculate a. The equilibrium partial pressures of CO and SiO in the vessel at

Verified Answer:

The equilibrium attained in the vessel is best see...

Question: 3.18.1

A heat engine is operating in a Carnot cycle: all processes are reversible (Figure 3.4). For each of the processes, obtain expressions for the change in entropy of the engine and the change in entropy of the surroundings after one cycle. Assume one mole of an ideal monatomic gas.

Verified Answer:

The values of q for each process can be found in S...

Question: 2.12.2

A magnetic field H is applied to a material with a positive susceptibility χ . Assume M // H and that the M versus H plot is linear with a slope χ (Figure 2.5a). a. Determine the work done when H varies from zero to H = Hf . b. Sketch the area on the H – M plot that corresponds to the work done on

Verified Answer:

a.

w = V\mu_{0} \int_{0}^{M_{f}}{H} dM = V\...

Question: 6.11.1

A mixture of Fe2 O3 and Al, present in the molar ratio 1/2, is placed in an adiabatic container at 298 K, and the Thermit reaction 2 Al+Fe2O3→2Fe=Al2O3 is allowed to proceed to completion. Calculate the state and the temperature of the reaction products.

Verified Answer:

From the thermochemical data

H_{Al_2O_3,298...

Question: 6.11.2

A quantity of supercooled liquid tin is adiabatically contained at 495 K. Calculate the fraction of the tin which spontaneously freezes, given ΔHm,(Sn) = 7070 J at Tm = 505 K cp,Sn(l) = 34.7-9.2×10^-2T J/K cp,Sn(s) = 18.5+26×10^-3T J/K

Verified Answer:

The equilibrium state of the adiabatically contain...

Question: 1.12.2

A rock with a mass of 10 lb falls 100 ft from a cliff to the floor of a canyon. What is the change in potential energy (Δ PE ) of the rock?

Verified Answer:

1 lb = 0.4536 kg; thus, 10 lb= 4.536 kg 1 in = 2.5...

Question: 14.14.2

A waste liquor consists of a 0.5 molal solution of CaCl2 in water. Calculate the minimum work, per mole of CaCl2 , required to separate the liquor into anhydrous CaCl2 and pure water at atmospheric temperature and pressure. The mean ionic activity coefficient of 0.5 molal CaCl2 is 0.448.

Verified Answer:

The minimum work is that required when the separat...

Question: 13.13.1

a. Find the point e in Figure 13.29 and locate its corresponding location on Figure 13.30. b. What phase(s) is (are) present at point e ? c. Apply the Gibbs equilibrium phase rule to the system at this point. d. What phase(s) is (are) present at point b in Figure 13.30? e. If the temperature is

Verified Answer:

a. b.

Ag_{(S)}

,

Ag_{2}O_{(...

Question: 10.11.2

All regular solutions with positive enthalpies of mixing have the same value of the activity of its components (A or B ) at the critical point of the miscibility gap. Calculate the activity aA and aB at TC for a regular solution with regular solution constant α.

Verified Answer:

At the critical temperature,

RT_c\ln a_B=\b...

Question: 12.10.1

Apply the Gibbs equilibrium phase rule to the oxidation of Cu to form cuprous oxide (Figure 12.1).

Verified Answer:

4Cu_{(s)}+O_{2_{(g)}}=2Cu_2O_{(s)}

...

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