Question 13.2: An aircraft having a weight of 250 kN and a tricycle underca...

An aircraft having a weight of 250 kN and a tricycle undercarriage lands at a vertical velocity of 3.7 m/s, such that the vertical and horizontal reactions on the main wheels are 1,200 kN and 400 kN, respectively; at this instant, the nosewheel is 1.0 m from the ground, as shown in Fig. 13.5. If the moment of inertia of the aircraft about its CG is 5.65 \times 10^{8} Ns ^{2} mm, determine the inertia forces on the aircraft, the time taken for its vertical velocity to become zero, and its angular velocity at this instant.

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The horizontal and vertical inertia forces m a_{x} and m a_{y} act at the CG, as shown in Fig. 13.5; m is the mass of the aircraft; and a_{x} and a_{y} its accelerations in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. Then, resolving forces horizontally,

 

m a_{x}-400=0

 

from which

 

m a_{x}=400 kN

 

Now, resolving forces vertically,

 

m a_{y}+250-1,200=0

 

which gives

 

m a_{y}=950 kN

 

Then,

 

a_{y}=\frac{950}{m}=\frac{950}{250 / g}=3.8 g  (i)

 

Now, taking moments about the CG,

 

I_{ CG } \alpha-1,200 \times 1.0-400 \times 2.5=0  (ii)

 

from which

 

I_{ CG } \alpha=2,200 m kN

 

Note that the units of I_{ CG } \alpha are mkNrad but radians are non-dimensional, so are not included but implicit. Hence,

 

\alpha=\frac{I_{ CG } \alpha}{I_{ CG }}=\frac{2,200 \times 10^{6}}{5.65 \times 10^{8}}=3.9 rad / s ^{2}  (iii)

 

From Eq. (i), the aircraft has a vertical deceleration of 3.8 g from an initial vertical velocity of 3.7 m/s. Therefore, rom elementary dynamics, the time, t, taken for the vertical velocity to become zero is given by

 

v=v_{0}+a_{y} t  (iv)

 

in which v=0 and v_{0}=3.7 m / s. Hence,

 

0=3.7-3.8 \times 9.81 t

 

from which

 

t=0.099 s

 

In a similar manner to Eq. (iv), the angular velocity of the aircraft after 0.099 s is given by

 

\omega=\omega_{0}+\alpha t

 

in which \omega_{0}=0 and \alpha=3.9 rad / s ^{2}. Hence,

 

\omega=3.9 \times 0.099

 

that is,

 

\omega=0.39 rad / s

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