Design a Zener voltage regulator to meet the following specifications: Output voltage = 5 V, Load current = 10 mA, Zener wattage = 400 mW and Input voltage = 10 V ± 2 V.
Design a Zener voltage regulator to meet the following specifications: Output voltage = 5 V, Load current = 10 mA, Zener wattage = 400 mW and Input voltage = 10 V ± 2 V.
Given V_{0} = 5 V, I_{L} = 10 mA
Here, load resistance is R_{L} =\frac{V_{0}}{I_{L}}=\frac{5}{10 × 10^{– 3}} = 500 Ω
Maximum Zener Current I_{z(max)} =\frac{400\,mW}{5\,V} = 80 mA
The minimum input voltage required will be when I_{z} = 0. Under this condition,
I = I_{L} = 10 mA
Minimum input voltage V_{i(min)} = V_{o} + IR
Hence, V_{i(min)} = 10 – 2 = 8 V
or 8 = 5 + (10 × 10^{– 3}) R
Thererfore, R_{max} =\frac{3}{10 × 10^{– 3}} = 300 Ω
Now, maximum input voltage, V_{i(max)} = 5 + [(80 + 10)10^{– 3}]R
or 12 = 5 + (90 × 10^{– 3})R
R_{min} =\frac{7}{90 × 10^{– 3}} = 77.77 Ω
The value of R is chosen between 77.77 Ω and 300 Ω.