Question 7.T.11: (Inverse Function Theorem) Let f be a differentiable functio...
(Inverse Function Theorem)
Let f be a differentiable function whose derivative is continuous on the open interval I. If f^{′}(b) ≠ 0 for some b ∈ I, then there is an open interval J ⊆ I which contains b such that f |_{J} is injective, and the function ( f |_{J} )^{−1} is differentiable on f(J), where its derivative is
((f |_{J} )^{−1})^{′} (f(x)) = \frac{1}{f^{′}(x)} for all x ∈ J.
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Since f^{′} is continuous at b, by Theorem 5.5, there are positive numbers r and δ such that
\left|f^{′}(x)\right| > r for all x ∈ (b − δ, b + δ),
which means f^{′}(x) ≠ 0 for all x in the interval J = (b−δ, b+δ). By Theorem 7.8, f |_{J} is injective and, by Theorem 7.4, ( f |_{J})^{−1} is differentiable at every f(x) ∈ f(J) with derivative
((f |_{J} )^{−1})^{′} (f(x)) = \frac{1}{f^{′}(x)}.