Question 11.5.2: Predict physical properties using relative strength of inter......

General Chemistry [1096778]

Predict physical properties using relative strength of intermolecular forces.

Consider the two compounds C $_{2}$ H $_{5}$ OH (ethanol) and C $_{2}$ H $_{5}$ SH (ethanethiol).

a. Which compound has the higher molar mass?
b. Which compound has the higher boiling point?

Step-by-Step

The 'Blue Check Mark' means that this solution was answered by an expert.
Learn more on how do we answer questions.

You are asked to determine relative molar mass and boiling point for two compounds.
You are given the chemical formulas for the two compounds.
a. Ethanethiol (62.1 g/mol) has a greater molar mass than ethanol (46.1 g/mol).
b. Although ethanethiol has a greater molar mass than ethanol, the IMFs in ethanol are stronger than those in ethanethiol due to the ability of ethanol to form hydrogen bonds. Therefore, we would predict a higher boiling point for ethanol (ethanol, 79 °C; ethanethiol, 35 °C).

Related Answered Questions

Question: 11.1.1

Investigate phase changes. In the figure below, N is blue and H is white. What kind of change is represented by this illustration? Is energy absorbed or released when this change occurs? ...

Verified Answer:

You are asked to identify the type of physical cha...

Question: 11.1.2

Relate enthalpy of vaporization to IMFs. The following information is given for two hydrocarbons, propane and hexane, at 1 atm: C3H8 (propane) ΔHvap = 19.0 kJ/mol C6H14 (hexane) ΔHvap = 28.9 kJ/mol Which hydrocarbon has stronger IMFs? ...

Verified Answer:

You are asked to determine the relative strength o...

Question: 11.2.1

Use vapor pressure. A student leaving campus for spring break wants to make sure the air in her dorm room has a high water vapor pressure so that her plants are comfortable. The dorm room measures 4.0 m × 3.0 m × 3.0 m and the student places a large pan containing 8.0 L of water in the room. ...

Verified Answer:

You are asked to determine whether a liquid will e...

Question: 11.2.2

Relate vapor pressure, enthalpy of vaporization, and IMFs. Use the plot of vapor pressures versus temperature in Interactive Figure 11.2.4 to answer the following questions. a. What is the approximate temperature at which the vapor pressure of heptane is 400 mm Hg? b. Which liquid, methanol or ...

Verified Answer:

You are asked to determine the temperature at whic...

Question: 11.2.3

Predict boiling point using a vapor pressure–temperature plot. Using the figure shown below, estimate the boiling point of heptane when the external pressure is 595 mm Hg. ...

Verified Answer:

You are asked to estimate the boiling point of a l...

Question: 11.2.4

Determine enthalpy of vaporization graphically using the Clausius–Clapeyron equation. The vapor pressure of sulfur dioxide has been measured over a range of temperatures. Use these data to calculate ΔHvap for SO2. ...

Verified Answer:

You are asked to calculate the enthalpy of vaporiz...

Question: 11.2.5

Use the two-point version of the Clausius–Clapeyron equation. The vapor pressure of liquid aluminum is 400. mm Hg at 2590 K. Assuming that ΔHvap for Al(296 kJ/mol) does not change significantly with temperature, calculate the vapor pressure ofliquid Al at 2560 K. ...

Verified Answer:

You are asked to calculate the vapor pressure of a...

Question: 11.4.1

Identify species that can form hydrogen bonds. In which of the following pure substances would hydrogen bonding be expected? ...

Verified Answer:

You are asked to predict whether hydrogen bonds ar...

Question: 11.4.2

Identify intermolecular forces in a substance. Identify all IMFs that exist between XeO3 molecules. ...

Verified Answer:

You are asked to identify all IMFs that exist betw...

Question: 11.5.1

Predict physical properties using relative polarizability. Consider the two alcohols methanol (CH3OH) and 1-hexanol (C6H13OH). a. Which alcohol has the higher boiling point? b. Which has the lower enthalpy of vaporization? c. What type of IMF is primarily responsible for the differences in the ...

Verified Answer:

You are asked to predict the relative boiling poin...