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Question 22.10: (a) What dipeptide is produced from the following segment of...

(a) What dipeptide is produced from the following segment of DNA: AGAGAT? (b) What happens to the dipeptide when a point mutation occurs and the DNA segment contains the sequence ATAGAT instead?

Analysis

Transcribe the DNA sequence to an mRNA sequence with complementary base pairs. Then use Table 22.3 to determine what amino acids are coded for by each codon.

Table 22.3 The Genetic Code—Triplets in Messenger RNA
First Base (5′ end) Second Base Third Base (3′ end)
U C A G
U UUU Phe UCU Ser UAU Tyr UGU Cys U
UUC Phe UCC Ser UAC Tyr UGC Cys C
UUA Leu UCA Ser UAA Stop UGA Stop A
UUG Leu UCG Ser UAG Stop UGG Trp G
C CUU Leu CCU Pro CAU His CGU Arg U
CUC Leu CCC Pro CAC His CGC Arg C
CUA Leu CCA Pro CAA Gln CGA Arg A
CUG Leu CCG Pro CAG Gln CGG Arg G
A AUU Ile ACU Thr AAU Asn AGU Ser U
AUC Ile ACC Thr AAC Asn AGC Ser C
AUA Ile ACA Thr AAA Lys AGA Arg A
AUG Met ACG Thr AAG Lys AGG Arg G
G GUU Val GCU Ala GAU Asp GGU Gly U
GUC Val GCC Ala GAC Asp GGC Gly C
GUA Val GCA Ala GAA Glu GGA Gly A
GUG Val GCG Ala GAG Glu GGG Gly G
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a. Since UCU codes for serine and CUA codes for leucine, the dipeptide Ser–Leu results.

b. Since UAU codes for tyrosine, the point mutation results in the synthesis of the dipeptide Tyr–Leu.

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