Classify each of the following as an alcohol, ether, aldehyde, or ketone. (a) CH3-O-CH2CH2CH3(b)OHHCH3-C-C=OH (c)-C-CH3O

Question

Classify each of the following as an alcohol, ether, aldehyde, or ketone.

(a) [latex]CH_{3}-O-CH_{2}CH_{2}CH_{3}[/latex] (b)[latex]CH_{3}-\overset{\underset{|}{H} }{\underset{\overset{|}{OH} }{C}} -\overset{\underset{|}{H} }{C}=O [/latex] (c)

STRATEGY

Identify the functional group and use Table 22.2. Note that more than one functional group may be involved.

Table 22.2 Common Functional Groups

Name*	Example	Class	Group
Ethanol (ethyl alcohol)	[latex]C_{2}H_{5}OH[/latex]	Alcohols	-OH
Dimethyl ether	[latex]CH_{3}- O - CH3[/latex]	Ethers	-O-
Ethanal (acetaldehyde)	[latex]CH_{3}-\overset{\underset{\|\|}{O} }{C}-H [/latex]	Aldehydes	[latex]-\overset{\underset{\|\|}{O} }{C}-H [/latex]
Propanone (acetone)	[latex]CH_{3}-\overset{\underset{\|\|}{O} }{C}-CH_{3} [/latex]	Ketones	[latex]-\overset{\underset{\|\|}{O} }{C}-[/latex]
Ethanoic acid (acetic acid)	[latex]CH_{3}-\overset{\underset{\|\|}{O} }{C}-OH[/latex]	Carboxylic acids	[latex]-\overset{\underset{\|\|}{O} }{C}-OH [/latex]
Methyl acetate	[latex]CH_{3}-\overset{\underset{\|\|}{O} }{C}-OCH_{3} [/latex]	Esters	[latex]-\overset{\underset{\|\|}{O} }{C}-O- [/latex]
Aminomethane (methylamine)	[latex]CH_{3}NH_{2}[/latex]	Amines	[latex]-\overset{\|}{N}- [/latex]

*Common names are shown in red.

Accepted Answer

Functional group: -O-
The molecule is an ether.

(a) [latex]CH_{3}-O-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{3}[/latex]

Functional groups: [latex]\underset{\overset{|}{H} }{C} =O[/latex] and —OH

The molecule is an aldehyde and an alcohol.

(b) [latex]CH_{3}-\overset{\underset{|}{H} }{\underset{\overset{|}{OH} }{C}} -\overset{\underset{|}{H} }{C} =O[/latex]

Functional groups: C=O and —OH
The molecule is a ketone and an alcohol.

(c)

Question 22.6: Classify each of the following as an alcohol, ether, aldehyd...

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