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Question 8.4: Classify the following bonds as nonpolar, polar, or ionic: (...

Classify the following bonds as nonpolar, polar, or ionic: (a) the bond in ClF, (b) the bond in CsBr, and (c) the carbon-carbon double bond in C2H4.

Strategy Using the information in Figure 8.6, determine which bonds have identical, similar, and widely different electronegativities.

Setup Electronegativity values from Figure 8.6 are: Cl (3.0), F (4.0), Cs (0.7), Br (2.8), C (2.5).

fig 8.6
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(a) The difference between the electronegativities of F and Cl is 4.0 – 3.0 = 1.0, making the bond in ClF polar.

(b) In CsBr, the difference is 2.8 – 0.7 = 2.1, making the bond ionic.

(c) In C2H4, the two atoms are identical. (Not only are they the same element, but each C atom is bonded to two H atoms.) The carbon-carbon double bond in C2H4 is nonpolar.

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