Question 11.9: Design of a Speed Reducer for Wear by the AGMA Method Determ...
Design of a Speed Reducer for Wear by the AGMA Method
Determine the maximum horsepower that the speed reducer gearset in Example 11.7 can transmit, based on wear strength and applying the AGMA method.
Given: Both gears are made of the same 300 Bhn steel of E = 30 \times 10^{6} psi, \nu = 0.3, and have a face width of b = 1.5 in., P = 10 in.^{−1}, and N_{p} = 18.
Design Decisions: Rational values of the factors are chosen, as indicated in the parentheses in the solution.
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Allowable contact stress is estimated from Equation 11.44 as
\sigma_{c, \text { all }}=\frac{S_C C_L C_H}{K_T K_R} (a)
In the preceding,
S_{c} = 127.5 ksi (from Table 11.11, for average strength)
C_{L} = 1.0 (from Figure 11.19, for indefinite life)
C_H=1.0+A\left(\frac{N_g}{N_p}-1.0\right)=1.0 (by Equation 11.46)
K_{T} = 1.0 and K_{R} = 1.25 (both from Example 11.7)
Hence,
\sigma_{c, \text { all }}=\frac{127,500(1.0)(1.0)}{(1.0)(1.25)}=102 ksi
The maximum allowable transmitted load is now determined, from Equation 11.42 setting \sigma_{c, \text { all }}=\sigma_{c^{\prime}} as
\sigma_c=C_p\left(F_t K_o K_v \frac{K_s}{b d} \frac{K_m C_f}{I}\right)^{1 / 2} (11.42)
F_t=\left(\frac{102,000}{C_p}\right)^2 \frac{1.0}{K_o K_v} \frac{b d}{K_s} \frac{I}{K_m C_f}
where
C_p=2300 \sqrt{ psi } (by Table 11.10)
b = 1.5 in., d_{p} = 1.8 in
K_{\upsilon} = 1.55, K_{o} = 1.75, K_{s} = 1, K_{m} = 1.6 (all from Example 11.7)
C_{f} = 1.0 (for smooth surface finish)
I=\frac{\sin \phi \cos \phi}{2 m_N} \frac{m_{ G }}{m_{ G }+1}=0.107 (using Equation 11.43b)
Therefore,
F_t=\left(\frac{102,000}{2300}\right)^2 \frac{1.0}{(1.75)(1.55)} \frac{1.5(1.8)}{1.0} \frac{0.107}{1.6(1.0)}=131 lb
This value applies to both mating gear tooth surfaces. The corresponding power, using Equation 11.22 with V = 754 fpm (from Example 11.7), is
hp =\frac{F_t V}{33,000}=\frac{131(754)}{33,000}=2.99
Table 11.10 AGMA Elastic Coefficients C_{p} for Spur Gears, in \sqrt{p s i} and \sqrt{MPa} |
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Gear Material | |||||
Pinion Material | E, ksi (GPa) | Steel | Cast Iron | Aluminum Bronze | Tin Bronze |
Steel | 30,000 | 2300 | 2000 | 1950 | 1900 |
(207) | (191) | (166) | (162) | (158) | |
Cast iron | 19,000 | 2000 | 1800 | 1800 | 1750 |
(131) | (166) | (149) | (149) | (145) | |
Aluminum bronze | 17,500 | 1950 | 1800 | 1750 | 1700 |
(121) | (162) | (149) | (145) | (141) | |
Tin bronze | 16,000 | 1900 | 1750 | 1700 | 1650 |
(110) | (158) | (145) | (141) | (137) |
Table 11.11 Surface Fatigue Strength or Allowable Contact Stress S_{c} |
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S_{c} | |||
Material | Minimum Hardness or Tensile Strength | ksi | (MPa) |
Steel | Through hardened | ||
180 Bhn | 85–95 | (586–655) | |
240 Bhn | 105–115 | (724–793) | |
300 Bhn | 120–135 | (827–931) | |
360 Bhn | 145–160 | (1000–1103) | |
400 Bhn | 155–170 | (1069–1172) | |
Case carburized | |||
55 R_{C} | 180–200 | (1241–1379) | |
60 R_{C} | 200–225 | (1379–1551) | |
Flame or induction hardened | |||
50 R_{C} | 170–190 | (1172–1310) | |
Cast iron | |||
AGMA grade 20 | 50–60 | (345–414) | |
AGMA grade 30 | 175 Bhn | 65–75 | (448–517) |
AGMA grade 40 | 200 Bhn | 75–85 | (517–586) |
Nodular (ductile) iron | |||
Annealed | 165 Bhn | 90%–100% of the S_{c} Value of steel with the same hardness | |
Normalized | 210 Bhn | ||
OQ&T | 255 Bhn | ||
Tin bronze | |||
AGMA 2C (10%–12% tin) | 40 ksi (276 MPa) | 30 | (207) |
Aluminum bronze | |||
ASTM B 148–52 (alloy 9C-HT) | 90 ksi (621 MPa) | 65 | (448) |
Source: ANSI/AGMA Standard 218.01. Note: OQ&T, Oil-quenched and tempered; HT, heat-treated. |
