Determine the torsional stiffness of the four-cell wing section shown in Fig. P.23.3. Data: Wall 12 23 34 78 67 56 45° 45^i 36 27 18 Peripheral length (mm) 762 812 812 1525 356 406 356 254 Thickness (mm) 0.915 0.915 0.915 0.711 1.220 1.625 1.220 0.915 Cell areas (mm²) AI = 161 500 AII = 291 000

Question

Determine the torsional stiffness of the four-cell wing section shown in Fig. P.23.3.

Data:
Wall [latex]\begin{array}{lll}12 & 23 & 34\end{array}[/latex]

[latex]\begin{array}{llllllll}78 & 67 & 56 & 45^{\circ} & 45^{\mathrm{i}} & 36 & 27 & 18\end{array}[/latex]

Peripheral length (mm) [latex]\begin{array}{llllllll}762 & 812 & 812 & 1525 & 356 & 406 & 356 & 254\end{array}[/latex]
Thickness (mm) [latex]\begin{array}{llllllll}0.915 & 0.915 & 0.915 & 0.711 & 1.220 & 1.625 & 1.220 & 0.915\end{array}[/latex]

[latex]\begin{aligned}& ext { Cell areas }\left(\mathrm{mm}^2 ight)\&A_{\mathrm{I}}=161500 \quad A_{\mathrm{II}}=291000\&A_{\mathrm{III}}=291000 \quad A_{\mathrm{IV}}=226000\end{aligned}[/latex]

Accepted Answer

From Eq. (23.6) for Cell I

[latex]\frac{\mathrm{d} heta}{\mathrm{d} z}=\frac{1}{2 A_R G}\left(-q_{R-1} \delta_{R-1, R}+q_R \delta_R-q_{R+1} \delta_{R+1, R} ight)[/latex] (23.6)

[latex]\frac{\mathrm{d} heta}{\mathrm{d} z}=\frac{1}{2 A_{\mathrm{I}} G}\left[q_{\mathrm{I}}\left(\delta_{45^{\circ}}+\delta_{45^{\mathrm{i}}} ight)-q_{\mathrm{II}} \delta_{45^{\mathrm{i}}} ight][/latex] (i)
For Cell II

[latex]\frac{\mathrm{d} heta}{\mathrm{d} z}=\frac{1}{2 A_{\mathrm{II}} G}\left[-q_{\mathrm{I}} \delta_{45^{\mathrm{i}}}+q_{\mathrm{II}}\left(\delta_{34}+\delta_{45^{\mathrm{i}}}+\delta_{56}+\delta_{63} ight)-q_{\mathrm{III}} \delta_{63} ight][/latex] (ii)

For Cell III

[latex]\frac{\mathrm{d} heta}{\mathrm{d} z}=\frac{1}{2 A_{\mathrm{III}} G}\left[-q_{\mathrm{II}} \delta_{63}+q_{\mathrm{III}}\left(\delta_{23}+\delta_{36}+\delta_{67}+\delta_{72} ight)-q_{\mathrm{IV}} \delta_{72} ight][/latex] (iii)

For Cell IV

[latex]\frac{\mathrm{d} heta}{\mathrm{d} z}=\frac{1}{2 A_{\mathrm{IV}} G}\left[-q_{\mathrm{III}} \delta_{72}+q_{\mathrm{IV}}\left(\delta_{27}+\delta_{78}+\delta_{81}+\delta_{12} ight) ight][/latex] (iv)

where

[latex]\begin{aligned}&\delta_{12}=\delta_{78}=762 / 0.915=832.8 \quad \delta_{23}=\delta_{67}=\delta_{34}=\delta_{56}=812 / 0.915=887.4\&\delta_{45^{\mathrm{i}}}=356 / 1.220=291.8 \quad \delta_{45^{\circ}}=1525 / 0.711=2144.9\&\delta_{36}=406 / 1.625=249.8 \quad \delta_{72}=356 / 1.22=291.8 \quad \delta_{81}=254 / 0.915=277.6\end{aligned}[/latex]

Substituting these values in Eqs (i)–(iv)

[latex]\begin{aligned}\frac{\mathrm{d} heta}{\mathrm{d} z} &=\frac{1}{2 imes 161500 G}\left(2436.7 q_{\mathrm{I}}-291.8 q_{\mathrm{II}} ight) (v) \\frac{\mathrm{d} heta}{\mathrm{d} z} &=\frac{1}{2 imes 291000 G}\left(-291.8 q_{\mathrm{I}}+2316.4 q_{\mathrm{II}}-249.8 q_{\mathrm{III}} ight) (vi) \\frac{\mathrm{d} heta}{\mathrm{d} z} &=\frac{1}{2 imes 291000 G}\left(-249.8 q_{\mathrm{II}}+2316.4 q_{\mathrm{III}}-291.8 q_{\mathrm{IV}} ight) (vii)\\frac{\mathrm{d} heta}{\mathrm{d} z} &=\frac{1}{2 imes 226000 G}\left(-291.8 q_{\mathrm{III}}+2235.0 q_{\mathrm{IV}} ight) (viii)\end{aligned}[/latex]

Also, from Eq. (23.4)

[latex]T=\sum_{R=1}^N 2 A_R q_R[/latex] (23.4)

[latex]T=2\left(161500 q_{\mathrm{I}}+291000 q_{\mathrm{II}}+291000 q_{\mathrm{III}}+226000 q_{\mathrm{IV}} ight)[/latex] (ix)

Equating Eqs (v) and (vi)
[latex]q_{\mathrm{I}}-0.607 q_{\mathrm{II}}+0.053 q_{\mathrm{III}}=0[/latex] (x)
Now equating Eqs (v) and (vii)
[latex]q_{\mathrm{I}}-0.063 q_{\mathrm{II}}-0.528 q_{\mathrm{III}}+0.066 q_{\mathrm{IV}}=0[/latex] (xi)

Equating Eqs (v) and (viii)
[latex]q_{\mathrm{I}}-0.120 q_{\mathrm{II}}+0.089q_{\mathrm{III}}-0.655 q_{\mathrm{IV}}=0[/latex] (xii)
From Eq. (ix)
[latex]q_{\mathrm{I}}+1.802 q_{\mathrm{II}}+1.802 q_{\mathrm{III}}+1.399 q_{\mathrm{IV}}=3.096 imes 10^{-6} T[/latex] (xiii)
Subtracting Eq. (xi) from (x)
[latex]q_{\mathrm{II}}-1.068 q_{\mathrm{III}}+0.121 q_{\mathrm{IV}}=0[/latex] (xiv)
Subtracting Eq. (xii) from (x)
[latex]q_{\mathrm{II}}+0.074 q_{\mathrm{III}}-1.345 q_{\mathrm{IV}}=0[/latex] (xv)
Subtracting Eq. (xiii) from (x)
[latex]q_{\mathrm{II}}+0.726 q_{\mathrm{III}}+0.581 q_{\mathrm{IV}}=0[/latex] (xvi)
Now subtracting Eq. (xv) from (xiv)
[latex]q_{\mathrm{III}}-1.284 q_{\mathrm{IV}}=0[/latex] (xvii)
Subtracting Eq. (xvi) from (xiv)
[latex]q_{\mathrm{III}}+0.256 q_{\mathrm{IV}}=0.716 imes 10^{-6} T[/latex] (xviii)
Finally, subtracting Eq. (xviii) from (xvii)
[latex]q_{\mathrm{IV}}=0.465 imes 10^{-6} T[/latex]
and from Eq. (xvii)
[latex]q_{\mathrm{III}}=0.597 imes 10^{-6} T[/latex]
Substituting for [latex]q_{\mathrm{III}} ext { and } q_{\mathrm{IV}}[/latex] in Eq. (viii)

so that
[latex]T /(\mathrm{d} heta / \mathrm{d} z)=522.5 imes 10^6 \mathrm{G} \mathrm{Nmm}^2 / \mathrm{rad}[/latex]

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