Question 9.11: Hydrogen gas, a potential fuel of the future, can be made by...

Hydrogen gas, a potential fuel of the future, can be made by the reaction of methane gas and steam.

CH_{4}(g) + 2 H_{2}O(g) →4 H_{2}(g) + CO_{2}(g)

Use bond energies to calculate ∆H_{rxn} for this reaction.

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Begin by rewriting the reaction using the Lewis structures of the molecules involved
Determine which bonds are broken in the reaction and sum the bond energies of these.

Σ(∆H’s bonds broken)
= 4(C—H) + 4(O—H)
= 4(414 kJ) + 4(464 kJ)
= 3512 kJ

Determine which bonds are formed in the reaction and sum the negatives of the bond energies of these.

Σ(∆H’s bonds formed)
= -4(H—H) – 2(C=O)
= -4(436 kJ) – 2(799 kJ)
= -3342 kJ

Find ∆H_{rxn}by summing the results of the previous two steps. ∆H_{rxn} = Σ(∆H’s bonds broken) + Σ(∆H’s bonds formed)
= 3512 kJ – 3342 kJ
= 1.70 × 10² kJ

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