Question 1.11: Prove that every NFA can be converted to an equivalent one t...

Prove that every NFA can be converted to an equivalent one that has a single accept state.

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Let  N = (Q,\Sigma ,\delta ,q_{0}, F ) be any NFA. Construct an NFA N^{\prime } with a single accept state that recognizes the same language as N. Informally, N^{\prime } is exactly like N except it has ε-transitions from the states corresponding to the accept states of N, to a new accept state, q_{accept}. State q_{accept} has no emerging transitions. More formally, N^{\prime } = (Q\cup \left\{q_{accept} \right\}, \Sigma ,\delta ^{\prime }, q_{0},\left\{q_{accept} \right\} ), where for each q ∈ Q and a ∈ \Sigma _{\epsilon }

\delta ^{\prime } (q,a)=\begin{cases} \delta (q,a) & \ if   a\neq \epsilon  or  q\notin F \\ \delta (q,a)\cup \left\{q_{accept} \right\} & if   a= \epsilon  and  q\in F \end{cases}

and \delta ^{\prime } (q_{accept} ,a)= \phi for each  a\in \Sigma _{\epsilon }

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