Write the I.U.P.A.C. and common names for each of the following acid anhydrides.

Question

[latex]\begin{array}{r c}\underset{||}{O} \qquad \quad \; \underset{||}{O} \qquad \qquad \qquad \ CH_3CH_2CH_2C-O-CCH_2CH_2CH_3 \ \end{array}[/latex]
[latex]\begin{array}{r c}\underset{||}{O} \qquad \quad \; \underset{||}{O} \qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad \ CH_3C-O-CCH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3 \end{array}[/latex]

Accepted Answer

This is a symmetrical acid anhydride. The I.U.P.A.C. name of the four-carbon parent carboxylic acid is butanoic acid (common name butyric acid). To name the anhydride, simply replace the word acid with the word anhydride. The I.U.P.A.C. name of this compound is butanoic anhydride (common name butyric anhydride).
This is an unsymmetrical anhydride. The I.U.P.A.C. names of the two parent carboxylic acids are ethanoic acid (two-carbon) and hexanoic acid (six-carbon). To name an unsymmetrical anhydride, the term anhydride is preceded by the names of the two parent acids. The I.U.P.A.C. name of this compound is ethanoic hexanoic anhydride. The common names of the two parent carboxylic acids are acetic acid and caproic acid. Thus, the common name of this compound is acetic caproic anhydride.

Question 14.13: Write the I.U.P.A.C. and common names for each of the follow...