Question 10.1: Using Mass Spectra to Identify Compounds Assume that you hav...
Using Mass Spectra to Identify Compounds
Assume that you have two unlabeled samples, one of methylcyclohexane and the other of ethylcyclopentane. How could you use mass spectrometry to identify them? The mass spectra of both are shown in Figure 10.6.
Strategy
Look at the possible structures and determine how they differ. Then think
about how any of these differences in structure might give rise to differences in mass spectra. Methylcyclohexane, for instance, has a –CH_{3} group, and ethylcyclopentane has a –CH_{2}CH_{3} group, which should affect the fragmentation patterns.
The mass spectra of both samples show molecular ions at M^{+} = 98, corresponding to C_{7}H_{14}, but the two spectra differ in their fragmentation patterns. Sample A has its base peak at m/z = 69, corresponding to the loss of a CH_{2}CH_{3} group (29 mass units), but B has a rather small peak at m/z = 69. Sample B shows a base peak at m/z = 83, corresponding to the loss of a CH_{3} group (15 mass units), but sample A has only a small peak at m/z = 83. We can therefore be reasonably certain that A is ethylcyclopentane and B is methylcyclohexane.